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Related Concept Videos

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

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Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
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Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents01:17

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Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a wide range of substances, each with its unique mechanism of action, uses, and potential adverse effects.
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
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Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview01:28

Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview

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The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic...
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CNS Depressants: Barbiturates and Benzodiazepines01:14

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CNS depressants include drugs from the category of barbiturates and benzodiazepines. They are valuable medications for managing anxiety disorders and insomnia. Barbiturates, once used to induce and maintain sleep, have been replaced mainly by benzodiazepines due to barbiturate's toxicity, tolerance, and overdose risks. They interact with GABAA receptors, leading to sedation at low doses and potentially coma and death at higher doses. Phenobarbital, a long-acting barbiturate, possesses...
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Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation01:13

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Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...
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Management of Insomnia01:19

Management of Insomnia

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The sleep cycle, an integral part of human health, consists of several stages with distinct characteristics and functions. It begins with a transition from wakefulness to sleep, known as the light sleep phase, followed by the restorative deep sleep phase, essential for physical recovery and growth. The cycle concludes with the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase, characterized by high brain activity and vivid dreaming. Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, involves difficulty falling asleep, staying...
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Substance Use and Sleep Problems in Patients With Psychotic Disorders.

Erik Cederlöf1,2,3, Minna Holm1, Johan Ahti2

  • 1Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.

Schizophrenia Bulletin Open
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Substance use is linked to sleep problems in individuals with psychotic disorders. Screening for substance use may improve sleep treatment outcomes in this population.

Keywords:
alcoholillicit drugsinsomniasleepsmoking

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Substance use and sleep disturbances are prevalent in patients with psychotic disorders.
  • The specific associations between substance use patterns and sleep problems in this demographic remain underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between substance use and various sleep problems within a large nationwide cohort of patients diagnosed with psychotic disorders.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional, multicenter study involving 8616 participants with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder, or psychotic depression.
  • Data collected via questionnaires on alcohol use (AUDIT-C), cigarette use, and lifetime illicit drug use (cannabis, benzodiazepines, amphetamines, opioids).
  • Sleep outcomes assessed included sleep duration (short/long), sleep initiation difficulties, early morning awakenings, fatigue, and poor sleep quality.

Main Results:

  • Self-reported substance use correlated with a higher incidence of sleep problems.
  • Hazardous alcohol use was linked to poor sleep quality (OR = 1.80).
  • Current smoking was associated with short sleep duration (OR = 1.28), and lifetime benzodiazepine misuse with sleep initiation difficulties (OR = 2.00).

Conclusions:

  • Substance use is significantly associated with sleep problems in patients with psychotic disorders.
  • These findings highlight the importance of screening for substance use when managing sleep issues in this patient group.