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Syringe-injectable Mesh Electronics for Stable Chronic Rodent Electrophysiology

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Injectable conductive hydrogel electrodes for minimally invasive neural interfaces.

Ines Kusen¹, Aaron Lee¹, Estelle A Cuttaz¹

¹Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2BX, UK. rylie.green@imperial.ac.uk.

Journal of Materials Chemistry. B

|August 15, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed an injectable conductive hydrogel for neural interfaces. This material offers tunable properties and stable, safe performance for minimally invasive applications.

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Neuroscience
Materials Engineering

Background:

Soft bioelectronic neural interfaces are promising alternatives to traditional metal electrodes.
Conductive hydrogels (CHs) offer tissue compliance and necessary electrochemical properties.
Injectable CHs enable minimally invasive implantation but often lack control over particle size and packing.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an injectable PEDOT:PSS/acetic acid-based hydrogel with independently tunable mechanical and electrochemical properties.
To improve particle size control and packing for enhanced injectability and stability.
To evaluate the material's performance in neural interfacing applications.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a PEDOT:PSS/acetic acid-based hydrogel.
Independent tuning of mechanical and electrochemical properties via acetic acid composition.
Utilizing batch emulsion to control particle size and packing.
Assessment of material stability, injectability, and electrochemical performance in vitro and ex vivo.
Evaluation of safety through non-cytotoxicity testing and biphasic current stimulation.

Main Results:

The PEDOT:PSS/acetic acid hydrogel demonstrated independently tuneable mechanical and electrochemical properties.
Batch emulsion resulted in decreased particle sizes and tighter packing.
The hydrogel exhibited stability and anatomical compactness upon injection in tissue phantom and ex vivo.
Favorable electrochemical properties were maintained in both contexts.
Biphasic current stimulation showed voltage transients below the charge injection limit.
The material proved to be non-cytotoxic.

Conclusions:

The developed injectable hydrogel offers a mechanically favorable and tuneable platform for neural interfaces.
The material demonstrates stability, injectability, and favorable electrochemical performance for safe and effective neural interfacing.
This work advances the development of minimally invasive soft bioelectronic devices.