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Adolescents and young adults with HIV and unsuppressed viral load: where do we go from here?

Natella Rakhmanina1,2,3, Caroline Foster4, Allison Agwu5

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences.

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS
|August 15, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Long-acting HIV medications offer hope for adolescents and youth with HIV, who often struggle with daily pills. Prioritizing research and access to these novel treatments is crucial for improving outcomes and ending the HIV epidemic.

Area of Science:

  • HIV/AIDS research
  • Adolescent and young adult health
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Adolescents and youth living with HIV (AYLHIV) face poorer health outcomes compared to adults.
  • AYLHIV are often excluded from clinical trials of new HIV treatments.
  • Poor adherence to daily oral HIV medications contributes to viral non-suppression in AYLHIV.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential of long-acting antiretroviral formulations for AYLHIV.
  • To highlight the need for including AYLHIV, especially those with unsuppressed viral load, in research.
  • To emphasize the importance of novel therapeutic strategies for this population.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on HIV treatment outcomes in adolescents and youth.
  • Analysis of data on viral suppression rates and adherence challenges in AYLHIV.
  • Examination of emerging research on long-acting antiretroviral formulations.

Main Results:

  • AYLHIV comprise a significant portion of new HIV infections globally.
  • Viral suppression rates in AYLHIV vary widely (44-88%), leading to health risks.
  • AYLHIV show high interest in and acceptability of long-acting HIV medication alternatives.

Conclusions:

  • AYLHIV, including those with unsuppressed viral load, require prioritized research and implementation of long-acting HIV drugs.
  • Novel therapeutic strategies are essential to reduce morbidity and mortality in AYLHIV.
  • Addressing the unique needs of AYLHIV is critical to ending the HIV epidemic.
Abstract

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