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    Area of Science:

    • Quantum Optics
    • Quantum Information Science

    Background:

    • Investigating nonclassical states of light is crucial for quantum technologies.
    • Photon addition and subtraction are key methods for manipulating quantum states.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To experimentally compare photon addition and subtraction on various quantum fields.
    • To assess the nonclassicality and non-Gaussianity of the resulting states.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized twin beams (TWBs) with high spatial correlations as initial fields.
    • Employed an intensified CCD camera for high-resolution detection.
    • Applied up to three-photon addition and subtraction operations.

    Main Results:

    • Photon-added states generally exhibited higher nonclassicality and non-Gaussianity than photon-subtracted states.
    • Photon-subtracted thermal states (TSs) remained classical.
    • Photon addition/subtraction on TWBs yielded comparable state properties due to photon pairing.

    Conclusions:

    • Photon addition is generally more effective in generating nonclassical states than subtraction.
    • Twin-beam photon pairing significantly influences the properties of manipulated states.