Concept for power scaling by harmonic beam coaxial combination in an intra-cavity frequency doubling laser

A new method of harmonic beam coaxial combination (HBCC) from two intra-cavity frequency doubling branches was demonstrated. Firstly, two identical nanosecond (ns) 532 nm green lasers with high power and good beam quality were created. Each green laser was constructed of an intra-cavity frequency doubling branch based on a laser diode (LD) end-pumped acousto-optical (AO) Q-switched 1064 nm Nd:YVO₄ laser in a LiB₃O₅ (LBO) nonlinear crystal. Each branch generated about 45 W green output at a 50 kHz pulse repetition rate (PRR) with diffraction limited beam quality. The first green beam was injected into the LBO crystal in the second branch, and the pulses from the two branches did not exist simultaneously. Then, the HBCC was performed. Consequently, an 83 W combined green output power at 532 nm was obtained with a combination efficiency of 92.2%. The PRR of the HBCC pulse was doubled to be 100 kHz, with a pulse width of about 22 ns, corresponding to a single pulse energy of 0.83 mJ and a peak power of 37.73 kW. The combined beam quality factor was measured to be M x2 = 1.80 in the x direction and M y2 = 1.71 in the y direction, respectively. Moreover, many more beams could also be combined with this method for further scaling the green power.