Lamiide and Ipolamiide: A Comprehensive Review of Their Bioactive Properties and Therapeutic Potential

There is an increasing interest in using iridoids and secoiridoids as major targets for chemical synthesis and biosynthesis. Iridoids can be found in numerous species of Lamiaceae, Verbenaceae, Scrophulariaceae, and other families. Iridoids possess a chemical structure characterized by a cyclopentane ring with oxidative substituents, forming a six-membered ring. Various research groups have used these structures as valuable starting materials for regioselective and stereoselective synthesis. This approach has enormous potential for the production of bioactive alkaloids, prostaglandin analogues, and other bioactive natural compounds. Because there is currently no review on lamiide and ipolamiide, this review intends to pique researchers' interest in this vital topic of natural science for drug discovery from naturally occurring iridoids. Lamiide and ipolamiide have the potential to be useful tools in the pharmaceutical sector, enabling the use of these plant metabolites in a variety of medicinal compositions. Given that these molecules appear to be potential natural substances for treating human ailments, we get light on them as alternative therapeutic approaches using these compounds alone or in combination with other substances which will potentially lead to future (pre)-clinical investigations.