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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects01:16

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Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
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Methods of Documentation VI: Case Management Model01:15

Methods of Documentation VI: Case Management Model

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The case management model is a multidisciplinary approach that involves healthcare professionals from diverse disciplines, such as physicians, nurses, therapists, social workers, and pharmacists, working collaboratively to address the various needs of patients. Each healthcare professional brings unique expertise and perspectives, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of the patient's condition and tailoring treatment plans accordingly.
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Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

Carbohydrate Metabolism

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Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
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Inadequate insurance coverage for overweight/obesity management.

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  • 1CGParkin Communications, Inc, 2675 Windmill Pkwy #2721, Henderson, NV 89074.

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PubMed
Summary

The US obesity epidemic affects over 123 million people, disproportionately impacting Black and Hispanic communities. Addressing this crisis requires multifaceted strategies focusing on prevention, treatment, and reducing weight stigma.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • The United States faces a significant obesity epidemic, impacting over 123 million individuals, including adults and children.
  • Obesity is a leading cause of preventable death and chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer.
  • Obesity contributes to substantial healthcare costs, exceeding $260 billion annually in the US.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review social, psychological, and access barriers to weight loss.
  • To propose initiatives for combating the escalating obesity epidemic.
  • To examine racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in obesity prevalence.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative review of the US obesity epidemic and its associated disparities.
  • An extensive internet search of relevant scientific studies and government reports was conducted.

Main Results:

  • Obesity affects a vast number of Americans, with higher prevalence rates observed in Black (49.9%) and Hispanic (45.6%) populations compared to White (41.4%) and Asian (16.1%) individuals.
  • Obesity significantly increases the risk for numerous serious health conditions, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, various cancers, and neurodegenerative disorders.
  • Annual healthcare expenditures related to obesity surpass $260 billion, representing a considerable financial burden on the US healthcare system.

Conclusions:

  • Combating the obesity epidemic necessitates a comprehensive strategy encompassing prevention, treatment, and the mitigation of societal stigma.
  • Continued public health advocacy and educational initiatives are crucial for improving health outcomes for individuals affected by obesity.