Fungal presence and health implications in hospital water systems

Given the increasing occurrence of invasive fungal infections and the limited efficacy of modern antifungal medications, it is crucial to disseminate information regarding the potential sources of nosocomial mycoses through the One Health approach. This study investigated the presence and antifungal susceptibility of fungi in biofilm and water samples obtained from the drinking water distribution system (DWDS) of hospitals. The positivity rate for fungi in biofilm and water samples was 41% and 9%, respectively, with Aspergillus species, a significant causative agent of nosocomial mycoses, being the predominant fungi identified. Analysis of antifungal susceptibility test revelead a comparable resistance profile between some isolated species from the DWDS and those reported for certain clinical samples. While further research is required to determine the specific contribution of waterborne fungi to nosocomial fungal infections, our results emphasize the importance of controlling biofilm formation within DWDSs, particularly in high-risk hospital wards.