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Believing people can change (incremental beliefs) boosts well-being by fostering autonomy and competence motives. Conversely, believing people cannot change (entity beliefs) does not enhance well-being, highlighting the importance of growth mindsets for psychological health.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Personality Psychology

Background:

  • Beliefs about personal change, termed incremental beliefs, are linked to higher well-being.
  • Entity beliefs, conversely, are not associated with well-being.
  • A mastery orientation may explain the link between incremental beliefs and well-being.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if autonomous and competence motives mediate the relationship between self-theories (incremental vs. entity beliefs) and well-being.
  • To examine the role of basic psychological needs in the context of self-theories and well-being.

Main Methods:

  • 428 adult community members completed measures of well-being, basic needs satisfaction (autonomy, competence, relatedness), and implicit theories of the self.
  • Regression analyses were used to examine the relationships between variables.
  • Mediation analyses were conducted to test the proposed mediational pathways.

Main Results:

  • Incremental beliefs positively predicted eudaimonic and hedonic well-being.
  • Incremental beliefs were positively associated with autonomy and competence needs satisfaction, but not relatedness.
  • Autonomy and competence motives significantly mediated the relationship between incremental beliefs and well-being, with direct effects often becoming non-significant.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support the role of a mastery orientation in linking incremental self-theories to enhanced well-being.
  • Autonomous and competence motives are crucial mediators in this relationship.
  • The study underscores the significance of Self-Determination Theory in understanding the impact of self-theories on psychological health.