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Related Experiment Video

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Expanding European protected areas through rewilding.

Miguel B Araújo1, Diogo Alagador2

  • 1Department of Biogeography and Global Change, National Museum of Natural Sciences, CSIC, Calle José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2, 28806 Madrid, Spain; Rui Nabeiro Biodiversity Chair, MED - Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, University of Évora, Largo dos Colegiais, 2, 7004-516 Évora, Portugal.

Current Biology : CB
|August 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rewilding can help biodiversity loss by restoring ecosystems. One-quarter of Europe is suitable for rewilding, offering significant opportunities for nature conservation across the continent.

Keywords:
2030 TargetsDecision theorybiodiversityconservationhuman footprintrestorationrewildingtrophic ecologywildernesswildlife management

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Conservation Biology
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Rewilding aims to combat biodiversity loss by restoring ecological processes.
  • Its potential to meet conservation targets, like the post-2020 protected-area goals, is under examination.
  • Europe and North America are seeing increased interest in rewilding initiatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the suitability of European land for rewilding based on specific criteria.
  • To identify areas compatible with rewilding goals to inform conservation strategies.
  • To evaluate the potential contribution of rewilding to European conservation targets.

Main Methods:

  • Developed criteria to map potential rewilding areas.
  • Focused on identifying large, minimally disturbed land tracts with key mammal species.
  • Utilized spatial analysis to determine compatibility with rewilding principles.

Main Results:

  • Approximately 117 million hectares (one-quarter of Europe) meet the rewilding criteria.
  • Seventy percent of suitable areas are located in cooler climates.
  • Passive rewilding is prevalent in Scandinavia, Scotland, the Baltics, and Ireland; active rewilding opportunities exist in parts of France, Italy, and Northern Europe.

Conclusions:

  • Europe possesses substantial potential for rewilding, supporting the European Biodiversity Strategy for 2030.
  • Land abandonment can be leveraged for expanding nature conservation areas through rewilding.
  • Nations with limited rewilding potential should explore alternative conservation strategies.