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The differential illusion memory for high-associated abstract concepts (DIM-HA) effect.

Alejandro Marín-Gutiérrez1, Emiliano Díez Villoria2,3, Ana María González Martín4

  • 1Facultad de Educación y Psicología, Universidad del Atlántico Medio, Carretera de Quilmes, 37, Gran Canaria, 35017, Tafira Baja, Spain. a.marin@pdi.atlanticomedio.es.

Cognitive Processing
|August 17, 2024
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Summary

Concrete concepts are recognized faster than abstract ones. This study found abstract words are more prone to false recognition, especially when strongly associated with learned lists, revealing the DIM-HA effect.

Keywords:
Associative activation theoryConcreteness effectDIM-HA effectDeese–Roediger–McDermott (DRM)Qualitative difference relationship theory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • The concreteness effect demonstrates faster, more accurate processing of concrete concepts versus abstract concepts.
  • Explanations for the concreteness effect often cite differences in representational processing and organization.
  • The precise nature of these representational differences remains a subject of ongoing debate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of associative strength and concept type (concrete vs. abstract) in false memory formation.
  • To explore the concreteness effect from a novel false memory perspective using the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm.
  • To examine behavioral and electrophysiological correlates of false recognition for concrete and abstract words.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm to elicit false memories.
  • Manipulated critical words based on their association strength to list items and their concreteness (concrete vs. abstract).
  • Collected both behavioral data (recognition rates) and electrophysiological data (brain activity).

Main Results:

  • False recognition rates significantly differed between concrete and abstract critical words, particularly when strongly associated with lists.
  • A higher proportion of false alarms occurred for abstract words compared to concrete words in both behavioral and electrophysiological measures.
  • This pattern of results was termed the Dual-Item-Memory - High Association (DIM-HA) effect.

Conclusions:

  • The DIM-HA effect suggests that strong associations can lead to increased false recognition, especially for abstract concepts.
  • Findings support theories of associative activation and highlight qualitatively different representational processes for concrete and abstract concepts.
  • The study provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying false memory and the concreteness effect.