Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hearing01:31

Hearing

52.0K
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
52.0K
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

203
The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
203
Perception of Sound Waves01:01

Perception of Sound Waves

4.4K
The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same...
4.4K
Sound Intensity Level00:53

Sound Intensity Level

4.2K
Humans perceive sound by hearing. The human ear helps sound waves reach the brain, which then interprets the waves and creates the perception of hearing. The loudness of the environment in which a person is located determines whether they can distinguish between different sound sources.
The human ear can perceive an extensive range of sound intensity, necessitating the use of the logarithmic scale to define a physical quantity—the intensity level. It is a ratio of two intensities and...
4.2K
Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

326
The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
326
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

5.3K
Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
5.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The impact of prenatal and postnatal acoustic experience to the discrimination of native versus non-native linguistic rules in the brain: insights from combined electrophysiological and vascular signals in 3-month-olds.

Developmental cognitive neuroscience·2026
Same author

Deep learning for early detection of Zenker's diverticulum based on swallowing sound analysis.

International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery·2026
Same author

Pre-Stimulus Head Position and Its Effect on Sound Localization Metrics in Children.

Audiology research·2026
Same author

Antidepressant Intake and Recovery of Dysphagia After Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Stroke·2026
Same author

Relation between open-field stapedius reflex thresholds and speech perception in CI users.

International journal of audiology·2026
Same author

Spectral Analysis of Extrahepatic Bile Ducts During Normothermic Liver Machine Perfusion.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2025

Assessment and Communication for People with Disorders of Consciousness
07:37

Assessment and Communication for People with Disorders of Consciousness

Published on: August 1, 2017

9.0K

Is it too loud? Ask your brain!

Philipp Zelger1, Josef Seebacher2, Simone Graf2

  • 1University Hospital for Hearing, Speech & Voice Disorders, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria; ICONE - Innsbruck Cognitive Neuroscience, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria.

Neuroimage
|August 17, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified objective neural markers using electroencephalography (EEG) to measure subjective loudness perception. This study demonstrates how brain responses can objectively determine uncomfortable loudness levels.

Keywords:
Cognitive neuroscienceEvent-related potentialsLoudness perceptionSound processing

More Related Videos

Semi-Automated Analysis of Peak Amplitude and Latency for Auditory Brainstem Response Waveforms Using R
06:01

Semi-Automated Analysis of Peak Amplitude and Latency for Auditory Brainstem Response Waveforms Using R

Published on: December 9, 2022

2.5K
Combining Computer Game-Based Behavioural Experiments With High-Density EEG and Infrared Gaze Tracking
13:40

Combining Computer Game-Based Behavioural Experiments With High-Density EEG and Infrared Gaze Tracking

Published on: December 16, 2010

16.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2025

Assessment and Communication for People with Disorders of Consciousness
07:37

Assessment and Communication for People with Disorders of Consciousness

Published on: August 1, 2017

9.0K
Semi-Automated Analysis of Peak Amplitude and Latency for Auditory Brainstem Response Waveforms Using R
06:01

Semi-Automated Analysis of Peak Amplitude and Latency for Auditory Brainstem Response Waveforms Using R

Published on: December 9, 2022

2.5K
Combining Computer Game-Based Behavioural Experiments With High-Density EEG and Infrared Gaze Tracking
13:40

Combining Computer Game-Based Behavioural Experiments With High-Density EEG and Infrared Gaze Tracking

Published on: December 16, 2010

16.7K

Area of Science:

  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Psychoacoustics
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Subjective perception of loudness is crucial for understanding auditory discomfort.
  • Objective measures are needed to quantify psychoacoustic experiences like loudness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the objectification of subjective loudness perception using electroencephalography (EEG).
  • To identify objective neural markers for the acoustic discomfort threshold.

Main Methods:

  • 27 adults with normal hearing received noise stimuli at varying sound levels (55-95 dB).
  • Participants provided subjective loudness ratings via a touchscreen.
  • Electroencephalography (EEG) recorded brain activity, analyzing event-related potentials (ERPs).

Main Results:

  • A linear relationship was found between the N100 EEG component and sound level/subjective loudness.
  • A nonlinear relationship was observed between the P300 potential and sound level/subjective loudness.
  • The P300 potential was specifically elicited by sounds rated as "very loud" or "too loud".

Conclusions:

  • Objective neural parameters, specifically EEG components, can identify subjective uncomfortable loudness levels.
  • This research opens avenues for objective assessment of auditory discomfort.