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Pediatric antiphospholipid syndrome: is it the same as an adult?

Viсtoria Bitsadze1, Jamilya Khizroeva1, Arina Lazarchuk1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatal Medicine, N. F. Filatov Clinical Institute of Children's Health, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine : the Official Journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians
|August 18, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) in children is rare but serious, causing blood clots and other issues. This review discusses pediatric APS features, differences from adult APS, and the need for updated diagnostic and treatment criteria.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Rheumatology
  • Hematology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a rare, potentially life-threatening autoimmune condition.
  • It manifests in neonates and children with arterial and/or venous thrombosis and various non-thrombotic complications.
  • Pediatric APS presents unique challenges in diagnosis and management compared to adult cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of pediatric Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS).
  • To highlight differences between pediatric and adult APS.
  • To emphasize the need for revised diagnostic and treatment guidelines for pediatric APS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on pediatric Antiphospholipid Syndrome.
  • Analysis of clinical features, including thrombotic and non-thrombotic manifestations.
  • Examination of the role of genetic thrombophilia in pediatric APS.

Main Results:

  • Pediatric APS exhibits distinct clinical features and potential differences from adult APS.
  • The catastrophic form of APS is a rare but severe presentation in children.
  • Genetic thrombophilia may influence the manifestation of APS in pediatric patients.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric APS requires specific diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
  • Early recognition and management are crucial due to potential severe outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to refine diagnostic criteria and treatment strategies for children with APS.
Abstract

Keywords:
Pediatric antiphospholipid syndromeantiphospholipid antibodiescatastrophic antiphospholipid syndromegenetic thrombophilianeonatal thrombosis

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