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The hydration of cement is an exothermic reaction in which heat is generated as cement hydrates. This heat of hydration is critical to cement's strength development. The rate at which this heat is generated affects the temperature rise, with a majority of the heat being released early in the hydration process, half within the first three days, and about 75% within the first week.
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Lightweight single-phase Al-based complex concentrated alloy with high specific strength.

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Researchers developed a lightweight, strong aluminum alloy using high pressure and temperature. This novel face-centered cubic single-phase alloy offers enhanced mechanical properties for energy-efficient structural materials.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Metallurgy
  • Solid State Physics

Background:

  • Growing demand for energy-efficient structural materials necessitates lightweight yet strong alloys.
  • Aluminum (Al)-based alloys are desirable but limited by poor solubility of lighter elements.
  • Developing Al-based complex concentrated alloys (CCAs) faces challenges with brittle phase formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To overcome solubility limitations in Al-based alloys.
  • To develop a single-phase, lightweight, and high-strength Al-based CCA.
  • To explore the effects of high pressure and temperature on alloy phase formation and properties.

Main Methods:

  • Application of high pressure and temperature to Al-based alloy compositions.
  • Synthesis of a face-centered cubic single-phase Al-based CCA (Al55Mg35Li5Zn5).
  • Characterization of alloy density, specific yield strength, and underlying strengthening mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Successfully developed a single-phase Al-based CCA with a density of 2.40 g/cm³.
  • Achieved a high specific yield strength of 344×10³ N·m/kg, significantly exceeding conventional alloys.
  • Identified decreased atomic size/electronegativity differences and synergistic high entropy effect as key factors for single-phase formation.

Conclusions:

  • High pressure and temperature enable the formation of single-phase Al-based CCAs by overcoming solubility limits.
  • The developed alloy exhibits superior specific strength due to solid solution strengthening and nanoscale chemical fluctuations.
  • This approach provides a pathway for discovering new lightweight CCAs with enhanced properties.