Identification of a novel mitovirus in grapevine through high-throughput sequencing
Malyaj R Prajapati1, Damini Diksha1, Pooja Thapa1
1Advanced Center for Plant Virology, Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India, 110012.
Summary
A novel virus, grapevine mitovirus 1 (GMV1), was discovered in grapevines using high-throughput sequencing. This mitovirus encodes a complete RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, distinguishing it from many other known mitoviruses.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Plant Pathology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Plant transcriptome sequencing often yields viral RNA reads.
- These reads can be assembled to reconstruct viral genomes.
- Concurrent viral RNA isolation is common during plant RNA preparation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and characterize novel RNA viruses in grapevine rootstocks.
- To investigate the genomic features of a newly discovered mitovirus.
Main Methods:
- High-throughput sequencing (HTS) of grapevine rootstock RNA.
- Assembly of viral RNA sequences from HTS data.
- Virus-specific RT-PCR assay for confirmation.
- BLASTx analysis and phylogenetic analysis of viral genome.
Main Results:
- Identification of a putative novel mitovirus, grapevine mitovirus 1 (GMV1).
- GMV1 genomic RNA encodes a complete 2,496-nucleotide open reading frame (ORF) including an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) domain.
- Sequence identity of 33.18-56.75% with existing mitoviruses; phylogenetic analysis places GMV1 in a distinct clade.
Conclusions:
- Grapevine mitovirus 1 (GMV1) is a newly discovered species in the Unuamitovirus genus, Mitoviridae family.
- GMV1 infects fungal mitochondria within grapevines.
- Unlike most known mitoviruses, GMV1 encodes a complete functional RdRp, consistent with both fungal and plant mitochondrial genetic codes.
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