Vancomycin Anaphylaxis and Kounis Syndrome Case Report
Brandon W Cunningham1, Shreya Shah2, Saptars Biswas3
1Anesthesiology, Grand Strand Medical Center, Myrtle Beach, USA.
Cureus
|August 19, 2024
Summary
Preoperative vancomycin can cause severe reactions like cardiovascular collapse. Prompt management is key for patient recovery from these rare antibiotic complications.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Pharmacology
- Cardiology
Background:
- Preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis is standard for surgical site infection prevention.
- Potential complications of antibiotic administration require careful consideration.
Observation:
- A 67-year-old male developed diaphoresis, flushing, hypotension, and cardiovascular collapse post-vancomycin infusion.
- The patient experienced non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) despite minimal coronary artery disease.
Findings:
- Immediate medical intervention successfully managed the emergent condition.
- The patient recovered fully, with electrocardiogram (EKG) returning to baseline sinus rhythm with first-degree atrioventricular (AV) block within two hours.
Implications:
- Highlights the critical need to understand individual patient profiles for safe antibiotic administration.
- Underscores the importance of recognizing and managing rare but severe adverse drug reactions.
- Provides insights for healthcare professionals on strategies for preoperative antibiotic use.
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