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Design of an Open-Source, Low-Cost Bioink and Food Melt Extrusion 3D Printer

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Building a Simplistic Automatic Extruder: Instrument Development Opportunities for the Laboratory.

Stefanie Klisch¹, Dylan Gilbert², Emma Breaux¹

¹Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States.

Journal of Chemical Education

|August 19, 2024

Summary

An automatic extruder was developed for undergraduate research, enabling precise vesicle preparation (liposomes, polymersomes) crucial for biological and macromolecular studies. This automated system enhances laboratory learning by simplifying a complex process.

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Materials Science
Chemical Engineering

Background:

Vesicle preparation (liposomes, polymersomes) requires precise control over size and polydispersity for biological and macromolecular research.
Manual extrusion methods are prone to variability, limiting reproducibility and hindering educational applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To present an automated extruder system as an accessible undergraduate research experience.
To develop a user-friendly tool for reproducible vesicle preparation.
To enhance science and engineering laboratory education.

Main Methods:

The system integrates two syringe pumps and a membrane filter, controlled by custom software.
The project involved three key phases: software development, hardware assembly, and rigorous testing procedures.
All project data, including software code and testing protocols, are publicly available.

Main Results:

The automatic extruder provides precisely controlled variables, surpassing manual extrusion in reproducibility.
The system facilitates the preparation of vesicles with defined size and polydispersity.
The project successfully created a functional, automated extrusion system.

Conclusions:

The automated extruder serves as an effective educational tool for undergraduate students in science and engineering.
This system simplifies a complex industrial process, offering a valuable learning model.
Open-access data promotes further development and adoption by educational institutions.