Subjective Cognitive Dysfunction in Chronic Illness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis

Area of Science:

• Medical research
• Qualitative synthesis
• Patient experience

Background:

• Subjective cognitive dysfunction (SCD) experiences are studied in specific groups, but not systematically synthesized for non-dementia chronic illnesses.
• Lack of a comprehensive understanding of SCD in chronic disease populations hinders effective patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and synthesize qualitative findings on SCD in non-dementia chronic illnesses.
• To develop an explanatory framework detailing the lived experience of SCD in this population.

Main Methods:

• Systematic search of four databases for qualitative studies up to June 2023.
• Qualitative synthesis of 25 studies using Sandelowski's adaptation of reciprocal transactional analysis.
• Critical appraisal using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist.

Main Results:

• Four themes emerged: symptoms, healthcare interactions, self-perception, and relationships.
• SCD significantly impacts patient interactions within healthcare settings.
• These experiences complicate patients' sense of meaning, self-enhancement, and mastery.

Conclusions:

• A novel model for adapting to SCD in chronic illness is proposed.
• Identifies opportunities for healthcare professionals to better support patients and families.
• Emphasizes the need for further research into SCD within non-dementia chronic illnesses.