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Updated: Jun 16, 2025

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Published on: July 28, 2023
On the vortex dynamical contribution to the emission of infrasound from tornadoes
Bin Liang1, Roger Waxler1, Paul Markowski2
1National Center for Physical Acoustics, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi 38677, USA.
Abstract:
Previous field experiments support the claim that a tornado can radiate discernible infrasound between 0.5 and 10 Hz. The physical mechanisms of tornado sound generation are still not fully understood, although several potential mechanisms have been proposed. In this paper, the theory of vortex sound is applied to the sound radiation from two numerical tornado simulations based on large eddy simulations. There are two different vortex-related mechanisms in distinct frequency regimes. It is found that rotation of a non-axisymmetric vorticity field produces low-frequency infrasound less than 2.0 Hz. High-frequency tornado infrasound can be attributed to more complex vortex dynamics such as vortex merging.
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