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Published on: December 1, 2023
Early-onset dysphagia predicts short survival in multiple system atrophy
Takahide Wada1, Toshio Shimizu2, Yuri Asano2
1Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital (TMNH), 2-6-1 Musashidai, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-0042, Japan. takahide_wada@outlook.jp.
Background:
The prognostic impact of dysphagia in multiple system atrophy (MSA) remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dysphagia severity and survival in MSA and to elucidate whether this impact differs between MSA-cerebellar ataxia (MSA-C) and MSA-parkinsonism (MSA-P).
Methods:
This retrospective study included 297 patients with MSA: 251 met criteria for clinically established MSA and 46 for clinically probable MSA. Among them, 171 had MSA-C and 126 had MSA-P. We evaluated symptomatic dysphagia within 3 years of onset and quantified dysphagia severity using the Hyodo score (0 to 12) through fibreoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) and clinical features, including autonomic dysfunction and vocal cord paralysis. Patients were followed up until death or tracheostomy, and survival factors were analysed using the log-rank test and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model.
Results:
Ninety patients developed symptomatic dysphagia within 3 years of onset, and 75 were evaluated for dysphagia severity using FEES. Survival from onset was shorter in patients with dysphagia within 3 years compared to those without (median: 4.2 years vs. 7.3 years; p < 0.001). Symptomatic dysphagia within 3 years of onset was an independent predictor of shorter survival in the multivariate Cox analysis. While the Hyodo score was higher in MSA-P than in MSA-C patients (p = 0.048), the Hyodo score was associated with survival in both MSA-C and MSA-P patients (log-rank p < 0.001 and p = 0.046, respectively).
Conclusion:
Symptomatic dysphagia within 3 years of onset predicts shorter survival in MSA-C and MSA-P patients.
Insights
Symptomatic dysphagia within three years of onset predicts shorter survival in multiple system atrophy (MSA) patients. This impacts both MSA-cerebellar ataxia (MSA-C) and MSA-parkinsonism (MSA-P) subtypes.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Clinical Medicine
- Degenerative Diseases
Background:
- Prognostic impact of dysphagia in multiple system atrophy (MSA) is debated.
- Investigating dysphagia severity and survival in MSA is crucial.
- Differentiating impact between MSA subtypes (MSA-C and MSA-P) is needed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the relationship between dysphagia severity and survival in MSA.
- To assess if dysphagia's impact on survival differs between MSA-C and MSA-P.
- To identify dysphagia as a prognostic factor in MSA.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 297 MSA patients (MSA-C: 171, MSA-P: 126).
- Evaluation of symptomatic dysphagia within 3 years of onset using Hyodo score via FEES.
- Survival analysis using log-rank and Cox proportional hazards models.
Main Results:
- Symptomatic dysphagia within 3 years of onset was associated with shorter survival (4.2 vs. 7.3 years).
- Dysphagia within 3 years independently predicted shorter survival in multivariate analysis.
- Hyodo score correlated with survival in both MSA-C and MSA-P, despite higher scores in MSA-P.
Conclusions:
- Early symptomatic dysphagia (within 3 years) is a significant predictor of reduced survival in MSA.
- Dysphagia severity, assessed by Hyodo score, impacts survival in both MSA-C and MSA-P.
- Findings highlight dysphagia as a critical prognostic marker in MSA management.
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