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Ensemble Inequivalence in Long-Range Quantum Systems.

Nicolò Defenu1, David Mukamel2, Stefano Ruffo3

  • 1Institute for Theoretical Physics, <a href="https://ror.org/05a28rw58">ETH Zürich</a>, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 27, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.

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|August 19, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ensemble inequivalence, where different statistical ensembles yield varied thermodynamic properties, is shown in a quantum ferromagnet. Unlike short-range systems, this quantum system exhibits distinct phase diagrams at finite temperatures between ensembles.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Statistical mechanics
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • Ensemble inequivalence is a known feature of classical long-range physics.
  • Thermodynamic properties typically converge across ensembles for macroscopic short-range systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate ensemble inequivalence in a quantum ferromagnet.
  • To investigate the behavior of quantum systems with long-range interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of a quantum ferromagnet model.
  • Comparison of microcanonical and canonical ensembles.
  • Phase diagram analysis at T=0 and finite temperatures.

Main Results:

  • The T=0 microcanonical and canonical quantum phase diagrams coincide.
  • Significant differences emerge between ensemble phase diagrams at finite temperatures.
  • This contrasts with the behavior of short-range interacting systems.

Conclusions:

  • Ensemble inequivalence is a characteristic of quantum long-range interacting systems.
  • Findings challenge the universality of ensemble equivalence in quantum statistical mechanics.
  • Implications for atomic, molecular, and optical systems are discussed.