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Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in US Anesthesiology Residency Matching.

Alexander N Sumarli1, Lauren S Pineda1, Alexandra Vacaru2

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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Women apply less but match similarly into anesthesiology, while racial and ethnic minorities face lower matching odds. Addressing these disparities is key to increasing diversity in anesthesiology.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Health Services Research
  • Physician Workforce Diversity

Background:

  • Physician-patient concordance improves outcomes, yet underrepresentation of women and minority physicians exists in anesthesiology.
  • Women constitute 35% of anesthesiologists despite being nearly half of medical school graduates.
  • White and Asian physicians comprise over 77% of the anesthesiology workforce.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze anesthesiology applicant and match trends to understand physician underrepresentation.
  • To hypothesize that fewer women and underrepresented minorities apply and match into anesthesiology.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational study of 47,117 anesthesiology applicants (2011-2022) from the Electronic Residency Application Service (ERAS).
  • Stratified applicants by self-reported gender, race, and ethnicity.
  • Analyzed odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for applying to and matching into anesthesiology.

Main Results:

  • Women had lower odds of applying to anesthesiology (OR, 0.55) but similar odds of matching compared to men (OR, 1.10).
  • Racial and ethnic minority applicants had similar application odds to White applicants but significantly lower matching odds.
  • Specific lower matching odds observed for Asian/NH-PI (OR, 0.66), Black (OR, 0.49), Hispanic/Latino (OR, 0.50), and AI-AN (OR, 0.20) applicants.

Conclusions:

  • Women apply less frequently but match into anesthesiology at similar rates to men.
  • Significant disparities exist in matching rates for racial and ethnic minority groups compared to White applicants.
  • Improved data reporting on demographics is needed to identify barriers and promote diversity in anesthesiology.