Ruthenium speciation and distribution in the environment: A review

Daria Boglaienko1, Gabriel B Hall1, Nicolas L D'Annunzio1

  • 1Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA 99354, United States of America.

Summary

This review examines anthropogenic ruthenium (Ru) in the environment, focusing on its speciation and migration pathways from nuclear releases. It highlights the distribution, bioaccumulation, and potential human health impacts of ruthenium isotopes like Ru-103 and Ru-106.

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