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Related Concept Videos

Insulin Formulations: Types and Delivery01:27

Insulin Formulations: Types and Delivery

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Insulin preparations are categorized by their duration of action into short-acting and long-acting types. Two strategies are used to modify insulin's absorption and pharmacokinetic profile: slowing the absorption post-subcutaneous injection, or altering human insulin's amino acid sequence or protein structure. These changes retain the insulin's ability to bind to the insulin receptor, but alter its behavior in solution or after injection.
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Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

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Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
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Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

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The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
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Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics: Overview01:28

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Understanding drugs, drug products, and their performance in pharmaceutical science is pivotal. Drugs, whether simple molecules or complex compounds, are designed to interact with the body's biological systems to diagnose, treat, or prevent diseases. Drug products include various delivery systems such as tablets, capsules, injections, and inhalers. The performance of these drug products is gauged by their ability to deliver the active ingredient to the desired site of action at the...
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Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

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The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
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Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral01:25

Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral

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The administration of drugs via parenteral routes allows for direct drug introduction into the systemic circulation, resulting in high bioavailability because the medication bypasses the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and hepatic metabolism.
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Injectable Supramolecular Polymer-Nanoparticle Hydrogels for Cell and Drug Delivery Applications
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Patient-Centric Long-Acting Injectable and Implantable Platforms─An Industrial Perspective.

Simone Alidori1, Raju Subramanian2, René Holm3

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Long-acting injectables (LAIs) enhance patient convenience and treatment compliance. This analysis reviews LAI technologies, highlighting formulation insights and the critical need for predictive in vitro dissolution methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Technology
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Patient-Centric Care

Background:

  • Growing emphasis on patient centricity and evolving healthcare demands.
  • Long-acting injectables (LAIs) offer reduced dosing frequency, improving patient convenience and compliance.
  • Patient populations, including those with HIV and schizophrenia, desire less frequent administration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a comprehensive analysis of marketed long-acting injectables (LAIs) across various therapeutic classes and technologies.
  • To provide insights into the physicochemical properties and excipients associated with different LAI formulation technologies.
  • To discuss formulation principles, manufacturing, and the development of predictive in vitro release methods for LAIs.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive analysis of marketed LAI products.
  • Review of formulation technologies including aqueous suspensions, solutions, polymeric microspheres, and in situ forming gels.
  • Discussion of physicochemical properties, excipients, release mechanisms, and manufacturing approaches.

Main Results:

  • Increasing number of LAIs entering the market, with recent trends favoring aqueous suspensions and solutions.
  • Identification of various applied technology platforms such as polymeric microspheres and in situ forming gels.
  • Insights into the physicochemical characteristics and typical excipients for different LAI technologies.

Conclusions:

  • LAI technology is advancing, offering patient benefits and diverse formulation options.
  • Significant gaps remain in systematic formulation and manufacturing investigations for LAI innovation.
  • Development of predictive in vitro dissolution methods using pharmacopoeial equipment is crucial for LAI product development and quality control.