Teledentistry utilization by oral health professionals and policy considerations: A mixed methods case study

To examine variations in the delivery of teledentistry after the COVID-19 pandemic and to explore oral health professionals' utilization of various teledentistry modes of delivery.

In this mixed methods case study, we collected teledentistry claims data from patient electronic health records (n = 78,756) encompassing various types of teledentistry utilization in clinical settings and through community outreach from a Dental Support Organization (DSO) in Oregon from January 2021 to November 2022. We analyzed the patient demographic and claims data using descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses to identify patterns of teledentistry service delivery. Qualitatively, we conducted virtual interviews (n = 13) through Microsoft Teams with oral health professionals about their experiences with teledentistry utilization. We used inductive and deductive coding to code individual transcripts and identify common themes among provider experiences.

Out of the 78,756 electronic health record claims for teledentistry, 75.7% used synchronous audio, 13.4% used synchronous video, and 10.9% used asynchronous teledentistry methods. We observed a 8.6% increase in synchronous audio teledentistry utilization at the end of the study period, compared with a 4.2% increase in synchronous video and a 4.4% decrease in asynchronous teledentistry. Oral health professionals interviewed reported choosing the type of teledentistry delivery based on patient and provider access to the virtual teledentistry platform.

Oral health professionals' knowledge of and experiences with teledentistry need to be considered when developing policy and best practices for the use of teledentistry for patient care.