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Nonlinear Poisson effect in affine semiflexible polymer networks.

Jordan L Shivers1,2,3,4, Fred C MacKintosh1,2,5,6

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Stiff polymer networks exhibit a unique nonlinear Poisson effect, significantly reducing volume when stretched. This contrasts with typical materials and is driven by filament properties and alignment under strain.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Physics
  • Mechanics of Materials

Background:

  • The Poisson effect describes transverse contraction upon axial stretching in elastic materials, typically leading to constant or increased specific volume.
  • Semiflexible and stiff polymer networks, however, display unusual compressibility and stiffening under strain.
  • This study investigates a counterintuitive volume reduction observed in such networks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively characterize the nonlinear Poisson effect in polymer networks.
  • To explore how filament properties influence network response under strain.
  • To understand the mechanisms behind volume reduction and alignment in these materials.

Main Methods:

  • Development and analysis of an affine network model.
  • Simulation of polymer network behavior under uniaxial stretching.
  • Investigation of the relationship between filament properties and macroscopic/microscopic responses.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of significant specific volume reduction in polymer networks under finite strain.
  • Observation of increasing filament alignment along the strain axis.
  • Characterization of nonlinear elastic response and stiffening of the apparent Young's modulus.
  • Identification of the nonlinear force-extension relationship of constituent filaments as the cause.

Conclusions:

  • The nonlinear Poisson effect in polymer networks is driven by the asymmetric response of individual filaments to stretching and compression.
  • Filament properties critically influence strain-driven alignment and volume reduction.
  • This work provides insights into the mechanics of soft materials with potential applications in biomaterials and engineered tissues.