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Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome: A case report
Nada Benabdelouahab1, Kawtar Ziati1, Latifa Oualili1
1Medical Intensive Care Unit, Ibn Sina University Hospital, Faculty of Medecine, University Mohammed V , Rabat, Morocco.
SAGE Open Medical Case Reports
|August 20, 2024
Summary
Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome (DDS) is a rare complication of hemodialysis caused by rapid solute removal, leading to cerebral edema. Early detection and management are crucial for preventing severe outcomes in at-risk patients.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Neurology
Background:
- Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome (DDS) is a rare but serious complication of hemodialysis.
- It arises from rapid solute removal during dialysis, creating an osmotic gradient between plasma and brain.
Observation:
- This osmotic gradient leads to cerebral edema and increased intracranial pressure.
- Neurological symptoms manifest during or after hemodialysis treatment.
Findings:
- Understanding the pathophysiology of DDS is key to its prevention and management.
- Preventive strategies include identifying high-risk patients and implementing appropriate measures.
Implications:
- Prompt recognition and management of DDS can mitigate risks of morbidity and mortality.
- This review emphasizes clinical features, pathophysiology, and prevention of DDS, illustrated by a case study.
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