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Updated: Jun 16, 2025

Pre-clinical Evaluation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Treatment of Acute Leukemia
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Recent advances in the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors against thyroid cancer

Silvia Martina Ferrari1, Armando Patrizio2, Giulio Stoppini3

  • 1Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy
|August 20, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are crucial for treating advanced radioactive iodine-refractory thyroid cancer (TC). These targeted therapies offer valuable options for patients with aggressive forms of TC, with ongoing research for improved treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Oncogenic tyrosine kinases (TK) are key regulators of cell growth; mutations drive aggressive cancers.
  • Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) target these mutated kinases, offering a new therapeutic strategy.
  • Radioactive iodine (RAI)-refractory thyroid cancer (TC) presents a significant clinical challenge, often progressing despite conventional treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of TKIs in treating advanced, RAI-refractory TC.
  • To assess the role of TKIs in clinical trials for aggressive TC.
  • To highlight the ongoing development of novel TKI therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search conducted in PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov.
  • Inclusion of relevant articles and clinical trials published up to December 2023.
  • Focus on systemic therapy TKIs for aggressive and refractory TC.

Main Results:

  • TKIs like Lenvatinib and Sorafenib are approved for aggressive TC.
  • Several other molecular inhibitors are under investigation.
  • TKIs are valuable systemic therapies for aggressive TC, even without specific mutations.

Conclusions:

  • TKIs represent important therapeutic options for patients with advanced, RAI-refractory TC.
  • Ongoing research aims to develop more effective and safer TKI drugs.
  • Systemic TKI therapy is a critical component in managing aggressive TC while awaiting further treatment advancements.
Keywords:
BRAFDifferentiated thyroid cancerVEGFanaplastictyrosine kinase inhibitors

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