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Aptamer-quantum dots platform for SARS-CoV-2 viral particle detection by fluorescence microscopy
M Radrizzani1, C Y Flores2, J Stupka3
1Neuro and Molecular Cytogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Emerging Technologies and Applied Sciences (ITECA-CONICET), School of Science and Technology, National University of San Martín, Av. Gral. Paz 5445, San Martín B1650WAB, Argentina; National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Argentina.
This study introduces a new, simple method for detecting SARS-CoV-2 using fluorescent nanoconstructs. This approach avoids complex steps and offers a sensitive, cost-effective alternative for viral detection.
Area of Science:
- Nanotechnology
- Virology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Traditional viral detection often relies on sensitive but complex molecular amplification techniques.
- Accurate and rapid detection of viruses like SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for public health.
- Existing methods may require multiple steps, specialized equipment, or costly reagents.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a novel, amplification-free detection assay for SARS-CoV-2.
- To create a straightforward and sensitive method for identifying viral particles.
- To offer a cost-effective alternative for rapid viral diagnostics.
Main Methods:
- Development of fluorescent nanoconstructs core-shelled with quantum dots (green and red).
- Decoration of nanoconstructs with aptamers targeting the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding region.
- Utilizing the aggregation of nanoconstructs upon binding to viral particles for detection via fluorescence microscopy.
Main Results:
- Nanoconstructs specifically recognized and aggregated with SARS-CoV-2 viral particles.
- The interaction generated visible aggregates and complexes in solution, detectable by fluorescence microscopy.
- A mixture of green and red fluorescent nanoconstructs produced distinct heterochromatic (green, red, yellow) spectral fluorescence upon viral interaction.
- Detection was achieved from small sample volumes (microliters) of patient swabs without washing or separation steps.
Conclusions:
- The developed nanoconstruct-based assay provides a sensitive, simple, and inexpensive method for SARS-CoV-2 detection.
- This amplification-free approach eliminates the need for enzymatic reactions, washing, or separation, streamlining the diagnostic process.
- The distinct spectral fluorescence signal offers easy identification and quantification of viral presence.
