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Tympanic Membrane Regeneration Therapy for Pediatric Tympanic Membrane Perforation
Shin-Ichi Kanemaru, Shin-Ichiro Kita1, Rie Kanai1
1Department of Otolaryngology and HNS, Hearing Disturbance and Eardrum Regeneration Center, Medical Research Institute, Kitano Hospital, Public Interest Incorporated Foundation, Tazuke Kofukai, Osaka, Japan.
Summary
Tympanic membrane regeneration therapy (TMRT) effectively healed pediatric tympanic membrane perforations (TMPs) in 90.5% of cases. This novel treatment offers superior hearing improvement compared to traditional surgery for children.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Regenerative Medicine
- Pediatric Surgery
Background:
- Pediatric tympanic membrane perforations (TMPs) can lead to hearing loss and require effective treatment.
- Traditional surgical interventions like myringoplasty/tympanoplasty have varying success rates.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of tympanic membrane regeneration therapy (TMRT) for treating pediatric chronic TMPs.
- To compare TMRT outcomes with conventional surgical methods.
Main Methods:
- An intervention study involving 20 pediatric patients with chronic TMPs treated with TMRT.
- A control group of 20 pediatric patients who underwent myringoplasty/tympanoplasty.
- TMRT involved mechanical disruption of the perforation edge, application of gelatin sponge with basic fibroblast growth factor, and fibrin glue, repeated up to four times.
Main Results:
- Tympanic membrane regeneration achieved a final closure rate of 90.5% (19/21 cases), with all cases showing TM regeneration.
- Significant hearing improvement was observed, with the air-bone (AB) gap improving from 12.9 dB to 5.2 dB in the TMRT group.
- The TMRT group demonstrated significantly better AB gap improvement compared to the myringoplasty/tympanoplasty group, with no adverse events reported.
Conclusions:
- Tympanic membrane regeneration therapy (TMRT) is an effective treatment for pediatric chronic TMPs, achieving high closure rates.
- TMRT promotes near-normal tympanic membrane regeneration and superior hearing improvement versus traditional surgery.
- The therapy is a promising option for children with a long life expectancy requiring TM repair.
