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Related Concept Videos

Stroke: Introduction and Types01:29

Stroke: Introduction and Types

55
A stroke is an acute neurological event caused by the sudden disruption of cerebral blood flow, leading to rapid loss of neuronal function. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief interruptions can cause irreversible injury within minutes. Strokes are classified into ischemic and hemorrhagic types.Ischemic StrokeIschemic strokes are most common and occur due to arterial occlusion, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. This leads to energy failure, ionic...
55
Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

44
Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
44
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

54
An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
54
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

20
A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
20
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

30
A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
30
Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction01:26

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

18
A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...
18

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
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Headache attributed to ischemic stroke - a new scope for management: a case study.

Elsayed Abed1, Ahmad Farag El-Adawey1, Mohamed Hamed Rashad1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

Folia Neuropathologica
|August 21, 2024
PubMed
Summary

New-onset headache following acute ischemic stroke can be predicted by clinical and radiological factors. The opening of collateral channels, like the posterior communicating artery, is linked to post-stroke headache development.

Keywords:
acute headachecollateralduplexpost-stroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Vascular Neurology

Background:

  • Acute ischemic stroke can manifest with serious clinical symptoms, including headache.
  • Headache in stroke patients is often overlooked, potentially impacting functional outcomes.
  • Understanding the pathophysiology and predictors of post-stroke headache is crucial for management and prophylaxis.

Observation:

  • A case of acute ischemic stroke is presented with a new-onset headache on the first day.
  • The headache met the criteria for post-stroke headache according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders, third edition (ICHD-3).
  • Transcranial duplex ultrasound revealed activation of the trigeminovascular pathway.

Findings:

  • Activation of the trigeminovascular pathway was attributed to the opening of pain-sensitive collateral channels, specifically the left posterior communicating artery (P Com A).
  • Clinical and radiological factors can predict the development of acute headache at stroke onset.
  • The opening of collateral channels is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of post-stroke headache.

Implications:

  • Predictive models for post-stroke headache can be developed using clinical and radiological data.
  • Identifying patients at risk for post-stroke headache may allow for targeted interventions.
  • Further research into the role of collateral circulation in post-stroke headache is warranted.