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Related Concept Videos

The Anatomy of Chloroplasts01:08

The Anatomy of Chloroplasts

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Green algae and plants, including green stems and unripe fruit, harbor specialized organelles called chloroplasts to carry out photosynthesis. They coordinate both stages of photosynthesis — the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions. The light-dependent reactions use sunlight to release oxygen and produce chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH, and the light-independent reactions capture CO2 and use ATP and NADPH to produce sugar.
Structure of...
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Protein Transport to the Stroma01:24

Protein Transport to the Stroma

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Chloroplasts are triple membrane structures with an outer membrane, an inner membrane, and a thylakoid membrane, each containing distinct metabolite transporters, membrane translocons, and enzymes. Appropriate sorting and translocating these proteins to their correct membrane systems is essential for chloroplast function.
Protein complexes called the translocon of the outer chloroplast membrane or TOC complex, and the translocon of the inner chloroplast membrane or TIC complex mediate the...
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Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes02:16

Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes

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The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
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Protein Transport to the Inner Chloroplast Membrane01:18

Protein Transport to the Inner Chloroplast Membrane

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Proteins targeted to the inner chloroplast membrane, or plastid proteins, are transported by two general pathways: the stop-transfer and the re-insertion or post-import pathways. Most plastid proteins carry N-terminal transit sequences and internal import sequences targeting it to the specific chloroplast subcompartment. Proteins targeted by the stop-transfer pathway have internal hydrophobic sequences that inhibit their translocation into the stroma. As a result, these precursors are arrested...
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Anatomy of Chloroplasts01:07

Anatomy of Chloroplasts

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Green algae and plants, including green stems and unripe fruit, harbor chloroplasts—the vital organelles where photosynthesis takes place. In plants, the highest density of chloroplasts is found in the mesophyll cells of leaves.
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Protein Transport to the Outer Chloroplast Membrane01:11

Protein Transport to the Outer Chloroplast Membrane

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Chloroplast outer membrane proteins encoded by the nucleus are synthesized in the cytosol. Soon after synthesis, they bind cytosolic factors such as 14-3-3 protein and the Hsp70 chaperones that keep these precursors in an unfolded state until their translocation.
Two models describe the mechanism of precursor recognition and entry across the outer membrane through the TOC complex. Model 1 suggests the newly synthesized precursor binds to the TOC receptor 159 and forms a complex.
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  1. Home
  3. Research Domains
  5. Indigenous Studies
  7. Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Culture, Language And History
  9. Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Repatriation
  11. The Chloroplast Genome Structure Of Turpinia Affinis (staphyleaceae).
  1. Home
  3. Research Domains
  5. Indigenous Studies
  7. Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Culture, Language And History
  9. Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Repatriation
  11. The Chloroplast Genome Structure Of Turpinia Affinis (staphyleaceae).

Related Experiment Video

Visualizing Stromule Frequency with Fluorescence Microscopy
08:27

Visualizing Stromule Frequency with Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: November 23, 2016

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The chloroplast genome structure of Turpinia affinis (Staphyleaceae).

Mei Zhang1,2, Shun Yu3, Roujun Wang1,4

  • 1College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.

Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources
|August 21, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The chloroplast genome of Turpinia affinis was sequenced, revealing its phylogenetic relationship to T. arguta. This study provides genomic data for Turpinia species, aiding in understanding their evolution and resource utilization.

Keywords:
Chloroplast genomeTurpinia affinisTurpiniae Foliumsubstitute

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Related Experiment Videos

Visualizing Stromule Frequency with Fluorescence Microscopy
08:27

Visualizing Stromule Frequency with Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: November 23, 2016

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Affinity Purification of Chloroplast Translocon Protein Complexes Using the TAP Tag
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Affinity Purification of Chloroplast Translocon Protein Complexes Using the TAP Tag

Published on: November 1, 2018

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Robust DNA Isolation and High-throughput Sequencing Library Construction for Herbarium Specimens

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Area of Science:

  • Plant genomics
  • Phylogenetics
  • Ethnobotany

Background:

  • Turpinia affinis is used in folk medicine as a substitute for Turpinia arguta.
  • The precise phylogenetic relationship between these two species is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To sequence and analyze the chloroplast genome of Turpinia affinis.
  • To clarify the phylogenetic relationship between Turpinia affinis and other Turpinia species.

Main Methods:

  • Chloroplast genome sequencing and assembly.
  • Gene annotation (protein-coding, tRNA, rRNA).
  • Phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood.

Main Results:

  • The chloroplast genome of T. affinis is 160,769 bp with 37.3% GC content.
  • 131 genes were annotated: 86 protein-coding, 37 tRNA, and 8 rRNA genes.
  • Phylogenetic analysis shows T. affinis as the sister taxon to other Turpinia species, forming a monophyletic clade.

    • Conclusions:

    • Genomic data for the genus Turpinia has been enhanced.
    • Findings contribute to understanding Turpinia phylogenetics, evolution, and sustainable resource management.