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Related Concept Videos

Attitudes01:54

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Attitude is our evaluation of a person, an idea, or an object. We have attitudes for many things ranging from products that we might pick up in the supermarket to people around the world to political policies. Typically, attitudes are favorable or unfavorable: positive or negative (Eagly & Chaiken, 1993). And, they have three components: an affective component (feelings), a behavioral component (the effect of the attitude on behavior), and a cognitive component (belief and knowledge;...
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Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
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Stress is a multifaceted response to events perceived as challenging or threatening, highlighting physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral reactions. Physically, stress can lead to fatigue, sleep disruptions, and various health issues such as frequent colds, chest pains, and nausea. Emotionally, it can manifest as anxiety, depression, irritability, and anger triggered by both minor and major life events. Cognitively, it may result in difficulty in concentration, memory, and...
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Updated: Jun 16, 2025

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses
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Do wars abroad affect attitudes at home?

Margaryta Klymak1, Tim Vlandas2

  • 1Department of International Development, Kings College London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom.

PNAS Nexus
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PubMed
Summary

The Russian invasion of Ukraine significantly shifted attitudes in eight European nations. Citizens showed increased support for democracy, Europe, and immigration, while authoritarian views declined.

Keywords:
Russia's invasionattitudesexternal threatunexpected event during survey designwar

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Area of Science:

  • Political Science
  • International Relations
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Existing research primarily focuses on the effects of conflicts on directly involved nations.
  • The impact of foreign conflicts on the attitudes of nonbelligerent, yet threatened, countries remains under-explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of the Russian invasion of Ukraine on economic and political attitudes in eight nonbelligerent European countries.
  • To analyze how external threats, even without direct military involvement, shape public opinion.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a natural experiment design, leveraging survey data from eight European countries.
  • The study coincided the survey fieldwork with the timing of the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Main Results:

  • Observed a significant increase in support for democracy, economic redistribution, European integration, and immigration.
  • Found a notable decrease in authoritarian attitudes among the surveyed populations.
  • These shifts occurred in countries not directly involved militarily in the conflict.

Conclusions:

  • Foreign conflicts can broadly impact political and economic attitudes in externally threatened, nonbelligerent countries.
  • The findings underscore the interconnectedness of international events and domestic public opinion, even at a distance.
  • Highlights the importance of considering indirect consequences of geopolitical crises on societal attitudes.