Non-coding RNAs in BRAF-mutant melanoma: targets, indicators, and therapeutic potential

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Molecular Biology
• Genetics

Background:

• Melanoma is an aggressive skin cancer often driven by BRAF mutations.
• BRAF mutations, like V600E, activate the MAPK pathway, promoting cancer growth and treatment resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the relationship between non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and BRAF mutations in melanoma.
• To elucidate the regulatory roles of ncRNAs in BRAF-mutant melanoma and their impact on treatment resistance.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review.
• Synthesis of evidence on ncRNA-mediated regulation and therapeutic responses in BRAF-mutant melanoma.

Main Results:

• Key ncRNAs, including microRNAs and long ncRNAs, regulate melanoma development and therapy resistance.
• Specific ncRNAs (e.g., BANCR, RMEL3) interact with the MAPK pathway.
• Other ncRNAs (e.g., miR-579-3p, miR-1246) are involved in drug resistance mechanisms like autophagy and immune checkpoint regulation.

Conclusions:

• ncRNAs play pivotal roles in regulating BRAF-mutant melanoma and drug resistance.
• ncRNAs show potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for improved melanoma treatment outcomes.