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Copper Toxicity in Animals: A Review.

Yudong Wang¹, Qiushi Yan¹, Yang Shi¹

¹Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, China.

Biological Trace Element Research

|August 21, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Excessive copper intake causes toxicity in animals by damaging cells and organs. Understanding copper metabolism and toxicity mechanisms is crucial for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.

Keywords:

Animal diseases Copper accumulation Copper homeostasis Copper toxicity

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Medicine
Toxicology
Biochemistry

Background:

Copper is essential but toxic in excess, leading to accumulation in animal tissues and organs.
Copper toxicity mechanisms include oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, autophagy, and cuproptosis.
Increasing cases of animal copper toxicity are linked to environmental pollution and feed supplement overuse.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive review of copper toxicity in animals.
To elucidate the mechanisms of copper ion metabolism and cytotoxicity.
To discuss recent clinical and experimental findings on copper toxicity.

Main Methods:

Literature review of scientific publications on copper toxicity and metabolism.
Analysis of recent clinical cases and animal experiments.
Synthesis of information on preventive and curative measures.

Main Results:

Copper ions induce cell death via apoptosis, autophagy, and cuproptosis, particularly by affecting tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle proteins.
Copper toxicity manifests as tissue and organ damage, with increasing incidence in animal populations.
Understanding copper metabolism is key to mitigating toxicity.

Conclusions:

A thorough understanding of copper toxicity and metabolism is vital for developing effective prevention strategies.
This review serves as a reference for preventing and managing copper toxicity in animals.
Further research is needed to address challenges in copper toxicity management.