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Indirect protection from rotavirus vaccines: a systematic review
Tyler Chavers1, Jordan Cates1, Eleanor Burnett1
1Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Expert Review of Vaccines
|August 21, 2024
Summary
Rotavirus vaccines offer indirect protection by reducing disease transmission. This review of 71 studies found consistent evidence of this effect, particularly in young children.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Rotavirus vaccines are crucial for reducing disease burden.
- Indirect protection from vaccination can decrease disease transmission within a population.
Approach:
- This systematic review analyzed 71 studies published between 2009 and 2022.
- It synthesized 399 estimates of indirect protection conferred by rotavirus vaccines.
- Methods for assessing indirect protection, outcomes, and age groups were evaluated for variability.
Key Points:
- Most studies (73%) focused on rotavirus gastroenteritis hospitalizations in unvaccinated children under 5 years old (64%).
- Median incidence rate ratio for hospitalizations was 0.60 (IQR: 0.40-0.87).
- Median relative percent change in positivity and absolute rotavirus cases were 25% and 42%, respectively.
Conclusions:
- Rotavirus vaccines demonstrate broad indirect protection.
- Standardization of outcome measures, metrics, age groups, and time since vaccine introduction is needed for consistent evaluation.
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