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Related Concept Videos

Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

1.1K
A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
1.1K
Acid Halides to Alcohols: LiAlH4 Reduction01:19

Acid Halides to Alcohols: LiAlH4 Reduction

2.7K
Acid halides are reduced to alcohols in the presence of a strong reducing agent like lithium aluminum hydride.
The mechanism proceeds in three steps. First, the nucleophilic hydride ion attacks the carbonyl carbon of the acid halide to form a tetrahedral intermediate. Next, the carbonyl group is re-formed, and the halide ion departs as a leaving group, generating an aldehyde. A second nucleophilic attack by the hydride yields an alkoxide ion, which, upon protonation, gives a primary alcohol as...
2.7K

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A perspective on reducing stabilizing pressure for high-temperature superconductivity in hydrides.

Qiwen Jiang1, Ling Chen1, Mingyang Du2

  • 1Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods & Software of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China.

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|August 21, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Researchers are exploring hydride superconductors, like hydrogen sulfide (H3S), aiming for room-temperature superconductivity at ambient pressure. Current strategies focus on understanding electronic properties and stability to reduce pressure requirements.

Keywords:
crystal structurehigh pressurehydridesuperconductivity

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Chemistry

Background:

  • The discovery of hydrogen sulfide (H3S) has spurred significant interest in hydride superconductors.
  • Decades of research have focused on achieving superconductivity in hydrides at room temperature and ambient pressure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of current strategies and progress in hydride superconductor research.
  • To offer insights into reducing the pressure needed for high-temperature superconductivity in hydrides.
  • To identify key theoretical and experimental challenges and opportunities.

Main Methods:

  • Review of theoretical predictions and experimental syntheses of hydride materials.
  • Analysis of electronic characteristics, hydrogen atom aggregation, and stability mechanisms.
  • Assessment of current research landscape and future directions.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress has been made in understanding hydride superconductors.
  • High pressures are still required for high critical temperatures in hydrogen-based superconductors.
  • Strategies for reducing stabilizing pressure are being investigated.

Conclusions:

  • Hydrides remain promising candidates for room-temperature superconductors at ambient pressure.
  • Further theoretical and experimental efforts are needed to overcome current challenges.
  • Reducing pressure requirements is crucial for practical applications.