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Related Concept Videos

Electrocardiogram Fundamentals01:28

Electrocardiogram Fundamentals

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Introduction
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool for identifying cardiac conditions such as arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and myocardial ischemia.
Definition
An electrocardiogram (ECG) visualizes the heart's electrical activity by tracing the electrical movement associated with each heartbeat on a graph or monitor. As the heart beats, an electrical wave passes through it, correlating with the cardiac cycle events.
Parts of an ECG
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Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:28

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Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
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Adrenergic stimulation generally impacts cardiac rate and rhythm. Specifically, stimulation of the β-adrenoceptors triggers an increase in intracellular calcium ion influx and pacemaker currents, which may cause arrhythmias. Catecholamines like adrenaline also demonstrate β2-adrenoceptor-mediated hypokalemia, impacting cardiac action potential and disrupting the normal cardiac rhythm. Class II antiarrhythmic drugs are β-adrenoceptor antagonists or β-blockers, which...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2025

Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing
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Electrogram-guided Bachmann bundle area pacing to correct interatrial block: Initial experience, safety, and

Muthiah Subramanian1, Sachin Yalagudri1, Daljeet Saggu1

  • 1AIG Institute of Cardiac Sciences, Hyderabad, India.

Heart Rhythm
|August 21, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bachmann bundle area pacing (BBAP) is a feasible and safe procedure for patients with interatrial block (IAB). This electrogram-guided technique successfully corrected IAB in most patients, demonstrating stable pacing parameters.

Keywords:
Atrial resynchronization therapyBachmann bundle potentialInteratrial conduction delayStylet-driven lead implantationbachmann bundle pacing

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Area of Science:

  • Electrophysiology
  • Cardiac Pacing

Background:

  • Standardized Bachmann bundle (BB) capture criteria are lacking, limiting the clinical utility of Bachmann bundle area pacing (BBAP) in patients with interatrial block (IAB).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the feasibility and safety of electrogram-guided Bachmann bundle pacing (BBP) using a sheath-assisted, stylet-driven atrial lead implantation technique.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, single-center study enrolled patients with IAB undergoing pacemaker implantation.
  • BBAP was attempted using specific delivery sheath and pacing lead.
  • Bachmann bundle capture was verified via fluoroscopy, P-wave morphology, electrophysiological criteria, and threshold testing.

Main Results:

  • Successful permanent BBAP was achieved in 88.9% of patients.
  • IAB correction occurred in 91.7% of those with partial IAB and 75.0% with complete IAB.
  • High-frequency BB potentials were recorded in 83.3%, and transition to selective capture was demonstrated in 87.5%.

Conclusions:

  • Bachmann bundle area pacing is a feasible technique with a high success rate.
  • The procedure is associated with stable capture thresholds during follow-up.