Controlled Crystallization and Enhanced Performance of γ-CsPbI₃ Perovskite Through Methylammonium Iodide-Assisted...

Cesium lead triiodide (CsPbI₃) perovskites have garnered significant attention owing to their suitable bandgap for tandem silicon substrates and excellent chemical stability. However, γ-CsPbI₃ prepared via low-temperature co-evaporation is limited by a narrow black phase processing window and random crystal orientation, hindering its optoelectronic performance and industrial applications. This study introduced trace amounts of methylammonium iodide (MAI) into the co-evaporation system, enhancing the crystallization process, promoting columnar grain growth, and stabilizing the γ-phase perovskite, resulting in films with improved structural integrity and reduced defect density. The optimal Pb/Cs ratio for achieving the best photoelectric performance shifted from 1:1 to 1.1:1 in the presence of MAI. Additionally, the incorporation of MAI allowed for more efficient longitudinal carrier transport, as evidenced by the enhanced photoluminescence (PL) intensity. The bandgap of CsPbI₃ remained approximately at 1.7 eV before the δ-phase transition, ensuring suitability for photovoltaic applications. Ultimately, a photovoltaic device with 12% efficiency is achieved in the p-i-n structure without additional post-annealing of the CsPbI₃ perovskite films, demonstrating the practical benefits of MAI incorporation.