The role of artificial intelligence in disease prediction: using ensemble model to predict disease mellitus

The traditional complications of diabetes are well known and continue to pose a considerable burden to millions of people with diabetes mellitus (DM). With the continuous accumulation of medical data and technological advances, artificial intelligence has shown great potential and advantages in the prediction, diagnosis, and treatment of DM. When DM is diagnosed, some subjective factors and diagnostic methods of doctors will have an impact on the diagnostic results, so the use of artificial intelligence for fast and effective early prediction of DM patients can provide decision-making support to doctors and give more accurate treatment services to patients in time, which is of great clinical medical significance and practical significance. In this paper, an adaptive Stacking ensemble model is proposed based on the theory of "error-ambiguity decomposition," which can adaptively select the base classifiers from the pre-selected models. The adaptive Stacking ensemble model proposed in this paper is compared with KNN, SVM, RF, LR, DT, GBDT, XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost, MLP and traditional Stacking ensemble models. The results showed that the adaptive Stacking ensemble model achieved the best performance in five evaluation metrics: accuracy, precision, recall, F1 value and AUC value, which were 0.7559, 0.7286, 0.8132, 0.7686 and 0.8436. The model can effectively predict DM patients and provide a reference value for the screening and diagnosis of clinical DM.