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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

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Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
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The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

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Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
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Cancer02:18

Cancer

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Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2025

A Syngeneic Mouse Model of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma for Quantitative and Longitudinal Assessment of Preclinical Therapies
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Cancer metastases: Tailoring the targets.

Manasi S Pote1, Deepshikha Singh1, Aparna M A1

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

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|August 22, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer metastasis, the spread of cancer cells, drives mortality. Understanding its mechanisms, including genetic factors and immune interactions, is key to developing effective anti-metastasis therapies and improving patient survival.

Keywords:
AngiogenesisEpigeneticsExosomesImmunomodulatorsIntrinsic elementsMetastasis genesMetastasis targets

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Cancer metastasis is the primary cause of cancer-related mortality.
  • Current anti-metastasis therapies have limited success, highlighting the need for deeper mechanistic understanding.
  • Cancer cell dissemination to distant organs requires complex biological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of the pivotal facets of cancer metastasis.
  • To elucidate the intricate processes driving cancer invasiveness and colonization.
  • To discuss current and potential therapeutic strategies targeting metastasis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing current knowledge on cancer metastasis.
  • Analysis of key processes including cancer cell homing, invasion, and angiogenesis.
  • Examination of genetic, epigenetic, and immune-related mechanisms of metastasis.

Main Results:

  • Metastasis involves complex steps: cancer cell dissemination, homing, invasion, angiogenesis, and pre-metastatic niche formation.
  • Genetic, epigenetic factors, and microRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in metastasis.
  • Immune modulators and immune evasion strategies significantly impact metastatic progression.

Conclusions:

  • A deeper understanding of metastasis mechanisms is essential for developing effective therapies.
  • Targeting immune modulation presents promising therapeutic opportunities to arrest metastatic spread.
  • Identifying novel therapeutic targets can disrupt the metastatic cascade and improve patient outcomes.