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Coronary artery size based on intravascular ultrasound in Southeast Asia population
Aninka Saboe1, Minsy Titi Sari2, Achmad Fauzi Yahya2
1Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran - Dr Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Jalan Eyckman 38, Bandung, 40161, Indonesia. aninka.saboe@unpad.ac.id.
Insights
Accurate coronary artery sizing is crucial for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) success. This study provides the first intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) data on coronary artery dimensions in Indonesians, finding them comparable to other populations.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Interventional Cardiology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Stent underexpansion is a complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), potentially leading to stent failure.
- Accurate coronary artery sizing via intracoronary imaging is vital for optimal PCI outcomes.
- Limited data exists on coronary artery dimensions in the Southeast Asian population using intravascular ultrasound (IVUS).
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the mean dimensions of epicardial coronary arteries in an Indonesian population.
- To identify predictors of coronary artery size in patients undergoing PCI.
- To establish reference values for coronary artery dimensions in Southeast Asians.
Main Methods:
- Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging was performed on 153 patients with chronic coronary syndrome undergoing PCI.
- Measurements of external elastic membrane (EEM) diameter and cross-sectional area (CSA) were taken for 633 coronary artery segments.
- Statistical analysis was conducted to determine mean artery sizes and identify predictors, including body surface area (BSA).
Main Results:
- Mean EEM diameters ranged from 3.32 mm (distal LAD) to 5.02 mm (LM), with corresponding CSAs from 8.77 mm² (distal LAD) to 19.93 mm² (LM).
- Body surface area (BSA) was identified as an independent predictor for most epicardial coronary arteries, showing a positive linear relationship.
- The measured coronary artery dimensions were found to be comparable to those reported in previous international studies.
Conclusions:
- The study provides the first comprehensive IVUS-derived coronary artery dimensions for the Indonesian population.
- Coronary artery sizes in Indonesians are comparable to other studied populations.
- This data serves as a valuable reference for clinicians performing PCI, particularly when intracoronary imaging is unavailable.
Background:
One of the downsides of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is stent failure which could be related to stent underexpansion. Hence, PCI based on an accurate coronary artery size obtained from intracoronary imaging is tremendously important. Until now, there is no data about all coronary artery dimensions in the Southeast Asian population performed by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). The coronary artery size of 153 patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) in acute or chronic settings who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with IVUS was examined. The mean artery size and its predictors were analyzed.
Results:
There were 153 patients with 633 coronary artery segments: the mean left main (LM) external elastic membrane (EEM) diameter and cross-sectional area (CSA) were 5.02 ± 0.43 mm and 19.93 ± 3.48 mm2, proximal left anterior descending artery (LAD) 4.25 ± 0.42 mm and 14.34 ± 2.85 mm2, the mid-LAD 3.86 ± 0.39 mm and 11.70 ± 2.24 mm2, the distal LAD 3.32 (2.83-4.30) mm and 8.77(6.23-14.99) mm2, the proximal left circumflex artery (LCX) 3.91 ± 0.42 mm and 12.07 ± 2.53 mm2, the distal LCX 3.51 ± 0.47 mm and 9.90 (5.09-14.20) mm2, the proximal right coronary artery (RCA) 4.50 ± 0.48 mm and 16.14 ± 3.43 mm2, the mid-RCA 4.16 ± 0.420 mm and 13.74 ± 2.72 mm2, the distal RCA 3.81 ± 0.41 mm and 11.59 ± 2.46 mm2, respectively. Body surface area (BSA) is an independent predictor for the majority of epicardial coronary arteries with a positive linear relationship.
Conclusions:
The mean artery size of the Indonesian population was comparable with previous studies. The knowledge of coronary artery size will help the clinician to have a reference for intervention, especially when no intravascular imaging is available.
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