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Examination of the proportion and characteristics of cognitive function changes during hospitalization in patients

Takahiro Shimoda1, Shinzi Suzuki2, Daisuke Mizukoshi2

  • 1Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan.

Plos One
|August 22, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Hospitalized cardiovascular disease patients showed cognitive improvements in nearly half of cases, with about 20% experiencing decline. Assessing cognitive changes in these patients is crucial for better outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neurology
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) significantly impact cognitive function.
  • Understanding cognitive changes during hospitalization for CVD patients is essential but not well-established.
  • Associated risk factors for cognitive decline in CVD patients require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the proportion and characteristics of cognitive function changes in hospitalized cardiovascular disease patients.
  • To identify factors associated with cognitive improvement or decline during hospitalization.

Main Methods:

  • Cognitive function was assessed at admission and discharge using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-J).
  • Patients were categorized into cognitive impairment, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and non-cognitive impairment groups.
  • Changes of ≥2 points in MMSE or MoCA-J scores defined improvement or decline; others were classified as maintenance.

Main Results:

  • Out of 542 patients, 41.3% had cognitive impairment, 40.2% had MCI, and 18.5% had no cognitive impairment at admission.
  • At discharge, 46.6% showed cognitive improvement, 35.9% maintained cognitive function, and 17.5% experienced cognitive decline.
  • Multivariate analysis indicated that MCI or cognitive impairment at admission and younger age were linked to cognitive improvement; no factors were significantly associated with cognitive decline.

Conclusions:

  • Nearly half of hospitalized cardiovascular disease patients experienced cognitive improvement, while about 20% showed decline.
  • Cognitive function assessment during hospitalization for CVD patients is vital.
  • Further research is necessary to identify specific factors influencing cognitive changes in this population.
Abstract

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