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The molecular conversations of sarcomas: exosomal non-coding RNAs in tumor's biology and their translational
Margherita Luongo1, Pasqualina Laurenziello1, Giuseppe Cesta1
1Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS CROB Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture (PZ), 85028, Italy.
Abstract:
Exosomes mediate cell-to-cell crosstalk involving a variety of biomolecules through an intricate signaling network. In recent years, the pivotal role of exosomes and their non-coding RNAs cargo in the development and progression of several cancer types clearly emerged. In particular, tumor bulk and its microenvironment co-evolve through cellular communications where these nanosized extracellular vesicles are among the most relevant actors. Knowledge about the cellular, and molecular mechanisms involved in these communications will pave the way for novel exosome-based delivery of therapeutic RNAs as well as innovative prognostic/diagnostic tools. Despite the valuable therapeutic potential and clinical relevance of exosomes, their role on sarcoma has been vaguely reported because the rarity and high heterogeneity of this type of cancer. Here, we dissected the scientific literature to unravel the multifaceted role of exosomal non-coding RNAs as mediator of cell-to-cell communications in the sarcoma subtypes.
Insights
Exosomes, tiny vesicles carrying non-coding RNAs, facilitate cancer cell communication. This study explores their role in sarcoma subtypes, highlighting potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Sciences
- Molecular Biology
- Cancer Research
Background:
- Exosomes are key mediators of intercellular communication, transporting biomolecules like non-coding RNAs.
- Non-coding RNAs within exosomes play a crucial role in the development and progression of various cancers.
- Understanding these exosomal communications is vital for developing new cancer therapies and diagnostics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the multifaceted role of exosomal non-coding RNAs in cell-to-cell communication within different sarcoma subtypes.
- To consolidate current knowledge on exosome-mediated signaling in rare and heterogeneous sarcoma cancers.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review and analysis of scientific publications.
- Focus on studies detailing exosomal non-coding RNA cargo and their function in sarcoma.
Main Results:
- Exosomal non-coding RNAs are significant mediators of intercellular communication in sarcoma.
- The heterogeneity of sarcoma influences the specific roles of exosomal non-coding RNAs.
- Evidence suggests potential for exosomal non-coding RNAs in sarcoma diagnosis and therapy.
Conclusions:
- Exosomal non-coding RNAs are critical players in sarcoma progression and intercellular signaling.
- Further research into exosome-based strategies holds promise for sarcoma treatment and diagnostics.
- This review highlights the need for more studies on exosomal non-coding RNAs in diverse sarcoma subtypes.
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