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Published on: October 7, 2017
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Children With Anisometropic Amblyopia
Dina Ahmed El Salmawy1, Reem Elhadidy1, Asmaa Shuaib2
1Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt ; and.
Background:
Amblyopia is defined clinically as a difference in best-corrected visual acuity of two or more lines of acuity (0.2 logMAR) between the eyes. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique that can transiently alter the excitability of targeted brain areas in a polarity-specific manner.
Purpose:
To detect the effect of tDCS on anisometropic amblyopia.
Methods:
This is a randomized controlled trial conducted on 78 patients with anisometropic amblyopia from 4.5 to 12 years of age. All patients presented with monocular amblyopia. They were divided into three groups; each group received five sessions of tDCS (anodal tDCS, cathodal tDCS, and sham tDCS). The active electrode was placed over occipital midline and the reference over central midline. Pattern visual-evoked potentials and contrast sensitivity tests were conducted before, immediately after, and 1 week after tDCS.
Results:
The amplitude of P100 was significantly decreased immediately after and 1 week after cathodal tDCS. The latency of P100 immediately after and 1 week after anodal tDCS was significantly decreased and increased significantly after cathodal tDCS. The amplitude of P100 and maximum and minimum contrast sensitivities were significantly increased immediately after and 1 week after anodal tDCS, and maximum contrast sensitivity was significantly decreased immediately after cathodal tDCS.
Conclusion:
Anodal tDCS is a promising noninvasive modality for improvement of anisometropic amblyopia.
