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Related Experiment Videos

Essential fatty acid interconversion during gestation in the rat.

D Ravel, J Chambaz, D Pepin

    Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
    |January 9, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    During pregnancy, fetal liver delta 5-desaturase activity increases significantly, becoming the rate-limiting step for arachidonic acid synthesis. Maternal liver shows decreased activity, while placenta lacks these enzymes.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Developmental Biology
    • Reproductive Science

    Background:

    • Arachidonic acid is crucial for fetal development.
    • Pregnancy involves significant metabolic shifts in maternal and fetal systems.
    • Liver microsomes are key sites for fatty acid metabolism.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the synthesis of arachidonic acid in fetal and pregnant rat liver microsomes.
    • To understand the developmental changes in desaturase and elongation activities during gestation.
    • To determine the role of the placenta in arachidonic acid synthesis.

    Main Methods:

    • Microsomal preparations from maternal and fetal rat livers and placentas were used.
    • Enzyme activities including delta 5-desaturase, delta 6-desaturase, and linoleic acid elongation were measured.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Fatty acid activation rates were also assessed.

    • Main Results:

    • Maternal liver delta 5-desaturase activity decreased significantly between days 19 and 22 of gestation.
    • Fetal liver delta 5-desaturase activity increased 3-fold during the same period, surpassing maternal levels.
    • Delta 6-desaturase activity remained constant in fetal liver, similar to maternal and control livers. Linoleic acid elongation increased in fetal liver during pregnancy. Placenta showed no detectable desaturase or elongation activity.

    Conclusions:

    • Fetal liver delta 5-desaturase activity becomes the rate-limiting factor for arachidonic acid synthesis late in gestation.
    • Significant developmental changes occur in hepatic arachidonic acid synthesis pathways during pregnancy.
    • The placenta does not contribute to arachidonic acid synthesis via these pathways.