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Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions01:20

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily  involved in a...

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Substrates with Tunable Hydrophobicity for Optimal Cell Adhesion.

Yuriy Snyder1, Mary Todd1, Soumen Jana1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, 1406 Rollins Street, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.

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Summary

Adding surfactants like poloxamer (P188) and sorbitane monooleate (Span80) to polycaprolactone (PCL) electrospinning enhances material hydrophilicity and cell adhesion for tissue engineering. Optimized concentrations are key for superior performance.

Keywords:
cell adhesionelectrospinninghydrophobicitypoloxamerpolycaprolactonesorbitan monooleate 80surfactant

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Electrospinning creates nano/micro-fibrous materials for biomedical applications.
  • Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a common polymer but its hydrophobicity limits use.
  • Surfactants can improve PCL's properties without altering charge density.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of nonionic surfactants (P188, Span80) on PCL electrospinning.
  • To evaluate the impact of these surfactants on fiber morphology and hydrophilicity.
  • To assess the influence of modified PCL substrates on cell adhesion and proliferation.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of poloxamer (P188) and sorbitane monooleate (Span80) into polycaprolactone (PCL) solutions.
  • Electrospinning of PCL/P188 and PCL/Span80 fibrous substrates.
  • Characterization of fiber and pore sizes, and assessment of substrate hydrophilicity.
  • Evaluation of fibroblast, endothelial cell, and smooth muscle cell adhesion and proliferation.

Main Results:

  • Successful electrospinning of PCL/P188 and PCL/Span80 substrates.
  • P188 and Span80 significantly enhanced substrate hydrophilicity.
  • Fiber and pore sizes were maintained up to 0.30% P188 concentration; higher concentrations enlarged fibers.
  • Higher Span80 concentrations led to thicker, less uniform fibers.
  • Both surfactants improved cell adhesion and proliferation, with P188 showing superior efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Precise surfactant concentrations are crucial for optimizing electrospun PCL substrates.
  • P188 and Span80 enhance PCL hydrophilicity and biocompatibility for tissue engineering.
  • Optimized PCL/surfactant fibrous materials show promise for promoting cell growth and tissue regeneration.