Local Readout and Control of Current and Kinetic Energy Operators in Optical Lattices

Area of Science:

• Quantum simulation
• Ultracold atoms
• Quantum gas microscopy

Background:

• Quantum gas microscopes enable quantum simulations by measuring local observables and quantum state snapshots.
• Current measurement techniques are primarily limited to the occupation basis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To demonstrate measurement and manipulation of all kinetic operators with single-bond resolution.
• To enable access to full counting statistics and complex correlation functions beyond expectation values.
• To facilitate quantum state tomography and hybrid quantum computing for itinerant particles.

Main Methods:

• Development of single-shot measurement techniques for kinetic operators.
• Utilizing site-resolved programmable potentials for spatially selective readout.
• Engineering arbitrary initial states for quantum simulations.

Main Results:

• Successful measurement of kinetic operators (kinetic energy, current) with single-bond resolution.
• Demonstration of accessing full counting statistics and complex correlation functions from single-shot measurements.
• Implementation of spatially selective, parallel readout in different bases using programmable potentials.

Conclusions:

• This work expands measurement capabilities in quantum gas microscopy beyond the occupation basis.
• The developed methods pave the way for advanced quantum state tomography and hybrid quantum computing.
• Programmable potentials offer new possibilities for initial state engineering and parallel measurements.