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Author Spotlight: Insights into the Analysis of Human Interaction with 3D Virtual Objects
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Sex differences in large-scale brain network connectivity for mental rotation performance.

Kaijie Zhang1, Haifeng Fang2, Zheng Li2

  • 1Institute of Brain Science and Department of Psychology, Jing Hengyi School of Education, Hangzhou 311121, China; Zhejiang Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory for Research in Early Development and Childcare, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.

Neuroimage
|August 23, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Sex differences in mental rotation performance are linked to brain network connectivity. Males show distinct visual and salience network activity compared to females, influencing spatial cognition.

Keywords:
Brain networkCross-network interactionIntra-network integrationMental rotationSex difference

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Mental rotation ability is crucial for STEM fields.
  • Previous research indicates sex-based differences in mental rotation performance.
  • The neural mechanisms underlying these sex differences are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sex differences in large-scale brain network connectivity during a mental rotation task.
  • To explore the relationship between brain network connectivity and mental rotation performance.
  • To determine if brain network connectivity mediates sex differences in mental rotation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during a standard mental rotation task.
  • Analyzed large-scale brain network connectivity, including inter-network and intra-network interactions.
  • Examined correlations between network connectivity metrics and mental rotation performance across sexes.

Main Results:

  • Males exhibited reduced visual network cross-network interaction but increased salience network intra-network and cross-network integration compared to females.
  • Mental rotation performance correlated with visual network cross-network interaction, salience network cross-network interaction, and somato-motor network intra-network integration.
  • Cross-network integration in visual and salience networks significantly mediated the observed sex differences in mental rotation.

Conclusions:

  • Large-scale brain network connectivity provides a neural basis for sex differences in mental rotation.
  • Considering sex as a variable is important for understanding the neural underpinnings of spatial cognition.
  • Findings suggest distinct network strategies contribute to sex-based variations in spatial abilities.