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Related Experiment Video

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Microinjection for Transgenesis and Genome Editing in Threespine Sticklebacks
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Replicated Functional Evolution in Cichlid Adaptive Radiations.

Christopher M Martinez, Katherine A Corn, Sarah Williamson

    The American Naturalist
    |August 23, 2024
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Cichlid adaptive radiations show rapid early trait evolution, with functional diversity patterns reflecting age in African lakes. However, older Neotropical radiations reveal similar but distinct evolutionary trajectories.

    Keywords:
    adaptive radiationcichlidsgeometric morphometricskinematicsmorphology

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    Area of Science:

    • Evolutionary Biology
    • Ecology
    • Ichthyology

    Background:

    • Adaptive radiations provide insights into species and trait diversification mechanisms.
    • Understanding the predictability of these diversification patterns is crucial for evolutionary studies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate functional and morphological diversification in cichlid species across different adaptive radiations.
    • To compare diversification patterns in African Great Lake radiations of varying ages and a Neotropical radiation.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of 1,110 high-speed videos of suction feeding behavior.
    • Study of 300 cichlid species from Lake Victoria, Lake Malawi, Lake Tanganyika, and Neotropical radiations.

    Main Results:

    • African radiations' standing diversity correlated with age, with younger lakes showing nested variance.
    • Neotropical cichlids exhibited lower functional diversity than the oldest African radiation but explored novel trait spaces.
    • Evolutionary rates were inversely related to radiation age, indicating rapid early trait evolution.

    Conclusions:

    • Cichlid functional evolution followed similar patterns across diverse radiations.
    • Contingencies in evolution led to lineage-specific novelties, despite broad similarities.
    • While early bursts of evolution are supported, overall trait diversity patterns present complexities beyond simple adaptive radiation expectations.